Recall that the primary output of Deception And Truth Analysis is our DATA Score. DATA Scores range between -100% and +100% with any negative score indicating a level of deceptiveness and any positive score indicating a level of truthfulness. The mean DATA Score from 2008 thru 2022 was 6.02% and the standard deviation was 13.88%. DATA Scores are roughly normally distributed and extreme scores are certainly more difficult to attain.<\/span><\/p>\n Referring to our stock market validation work, both deceptive and truthful DATA Scores are predictive of future stock price performance. Specifically, deceptive\/negative DATA Scores are generally predictive of future stock price underperformance. While truthful\/positive DATA Scores are generally predictive of future stock price overperformance.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Interpreting the tables below, the thoughtful investor should look at both the current DATA Score, as well as the change in DATA Score, year over year for a deeper understanding of the underlying behavioral dynamics at the companies list.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" This is our second edition of a regular feature. If you would like to see our list of\u00a0the Top 10 Biggest DATA Score Changes for the First Quarter of 2023\u00a0for the S&P 500, 400, and 600, simply follow the embedded link. This series helps you to answer the questions: Which companies have become more deceptive […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14294,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"![\"Top](\"https:\/\/img1.wsimg.com\/isteam\/ip\/b4167b12-c211-4a45-9c4b-489be14138f8\/TOP%2010%20BIGGEST%20DATA%20SCORE%20CHANGES%20conv%201.png\/:\/rs=w:1280\" "\\"Top")
<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>![\"Top](\"https:\/\/img1.wsimg.com\/isteam\/ip\/b4167b12-c211-4a45-9c4b-489be14138f8\/TOP%2010%20BIGGEST%20DATA%20SCORE%20CHANGES%20conv%202.png\/:\/rs=w:1280\" "\\"Top")
<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>![](\"https:\/\/jasonapollovoss.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Top-10.jpg\")
\r\n\r\nThis is our second edition of a regular feature. If you would like to see our list of\u00a0the Top 10 Biggest DATA Score Changes for the First Quarter of 2023<\/a>\u00a0for the S&P 500, 400, and 600, simply follow the embedded link. This series helps you to answer the questions: Which companies have become more deceptive in the past year? And which companies have become more truthful in the past year?<\/span>\r\n\r\nRecall that the primary output of Deception And Truth Analysis is our DATA Score. DATA Scores range between -100% and +100% with any negative score indicating a level of deceptiveness and any positive score indicating a level of truthfulness. The mean DATA Score from 2008 thru 2022 was 6.02% and the standard deviation was 13.88%. DATA Scores are roughly normally distributed and extreme scores are certainly more difficult to attain.<\/span>\r\n\r\nReferring to our stock market validation work, both deceptive and truthful DATA Scores are predictive of future stock price performance. Specifically, deceptive\/negative DATA Scores are generally predictive of future stock price underperformance. While truthful\/positive DATA Scores are generally predictive of future stock price overperformance.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\nInterpreting the tables below, the thoughtful investor should look at both the current DATA Score, as well as the change in DATA Score, year over year for a deeper understanding of the underlying behavioral dynamics at the companies list.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n<\/span><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/span><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n